One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
From the "Reproducibility and Replicability in Science" consensus report 2019
Definitions
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What is reproducibility?
Reproducibility refers to the ability of a researcher to duplicate the results of a prior study using the same materials and procedures as were used by the original investigator. So in an attempt to reproduce a published statistical analysis, a second researcher might use the same raw data to build the same analysis files and implement the same statistical analysis to determine whether they yield the same results.
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What is Replicability?
Replicability refers to the ability of a researcher to duplicate the results of a prior study if the same procedures are followed but new data are collected. That is, a failure to replicate a scientific finding is commonly thought to occur when one study documents relations between two or more variables and a subsequent attempt to implement the same operations fails to yield the same relations with the new data.